Cholinga cha chithandizo cha vulcanization:
Pamene vulcanization imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zotsutsana ndi mikangano muzinthu zazitsulo za ufa, zitsulo zopangidwa ndi chitsulo zopangira mafuta ndizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Mafuta a Sintered opangidwa ndi mafuta (omwe ali ndi graphite 1% -4%) ali ndi njira yosavuta yopangira komanso yotsika mtengo.Pankhani ya PV<18-25 kg·m/cm 2 · sec, imatha kusintha mkuwa, alloy babbitt ndi zinthu zina zotsutsana ndi mkangano.Komabe, pansi pa ntchito zolemetsa, monga kuthamanga kwapamwamba pamtunda wothamanga ndi katundu wamkulu wa unit, kukana kuvala ndi moyo wa ziwalo za sintered zidzachepa mofulumira.Pofuna kukonza odana ndi mkangano ntchito ya porous chitsulo ofotokoza mbali odana ndi kukangana, kuchepetsa coefficient wa kukangana, ndi kuonjezera kutentha ntchito kuwonjezera ntchito zosiyanasiyana, vulcanization mankhwala ndi njira yoyenera kukwezedwa.
Sulfure ndi sulfide ambiri ali ndi mafuta enaake.Iron sulfide ndi mafuta abwino olimba, makamaka pansi pa mikangano youma, kukhalapo kwa iron sulfide kumakhala bwino kukana kugwidwa.
Ufa zitsulo zochokera mankhwala, ntchito capillary pores akhoza impregnated ndi ndithu kuchuluka kwa sulfure.Pambuyo pakuwotcha, sulfure ndi chitsulo pamwamba pa pores zimatha kupanga chitsulo cha sulfide, chomwe chimagawidwa mofanana muzinthu zonse ndipo chimasewera mafuta odzola bwino pamtunda ndipo amatha kusintha ntchito yodula.Pambuyo pa vulcanization, kukangana ndi kudula kwa zinthuzo kumakhala kosalala kwambiri.
Chitsulo cha porous sintered chikatenthedwa, ntchito yodziwika kwambiri ndikukhala ndi mphamvu zowuma zowuma.Ndizinthu zodzitchinjiriza zodzitchinjiriza pansi pamikhalidwe yopanda mafuta (ndiko kuti, palibe mafuta kapena palibe mafuta omwe amaloledwa), ndipo imakhala ndi kukana kugwidwa bwino ndipo imachepetsa zochitika za shaft gnawing.Komanso, mikangano makhalidwe a nkhaniyi ndi osiyana kwambiri odana ndi mkangano zipangizo.Nthawi zambiri, pamene kuthamanga kwapadera kumawonjezeka, friction coefficient sisintha kwambiri.Pamene kupanikizika kwapadera kupitirira mtengo wina, kugundana kwapakati kumawonjezeka kwambiri.Komabe, kukangana kwachitsulo cha porous sintered iron pambuyo pa chithandizo cha vulcanization kumachepa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwake kwapadera pamtundu waukulu wa kukakamiza.Ichi ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha anti-friction materials.
Mafuta opangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi sintered pambuyo pa vulcanization amatha kugwira ntchito bwino pansi pa 250 ° C.
Vulcanization ndondomeko:
Njira ya chithandizo cha vulcanization ndi yosavuta ndipo sikutanthauza zida zapadera.Njirayi ili motere: ikani sulfure mu crucible ndikutenthetsa kuti isungunuke.Pamene kutentha kumayendetsedwa pa 120-130 ℃, madzi a sulfure amakhala bwino panthawiyi.Ngati kutentha kwambiri, Osati yabwino impregnation.Zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zilowerere zimatenthedwa mpaka 100-150 ° C, ndiyeno zimamizidwa mumtsuko wa sulfure wosungunuka kwa mphindi 3-20, ndipo mankhwala osatenthedwa amamizidwa kwa mphindi 25-30.Malingana ndi kachulukidwe ka mankhwala, makulidwe a khoma ndi kuchuluka kwa kumizidwa kofunikira kuti mudziwe nthawi yomiza.Nthawi yomiza yocheperako komanso makulidwe a khoma lochepa;komanso mbali inayi.Pambuyo pa leaching, mankhwalawa amachotsedwa, ndipo sulfure yotsalayo imatulutsidwa.Pomaliza, ikani mankhwalawa mu ng'anjo, muteteze ndi haidrojeni kapena makala, ndikuwotchera mpaka 700-720 ° C kwa 0,5 mpaka 1 ora.Panthawi imeneyi, sulfure yomizidwayo imakumana ndi chitsulo kupanga iron sulfide.Pazinthu zokhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 6 mpaka 6.2 g/cm3, sulfure imakhala pafupifupi 35 mpaka 4% (kulemera kwake).Kutentha ndi kuwotcha ndiko kupanga sulfure kumizidwa mu pores a gawolo kupanga iron sulfide.
The sintered mankhwala pambuyo vulcanization akhoza kuchitiridwa ndi kumizidwa mafuta ndi kumaliza.
Zitsanzo zogwiritsira ntchito chithandizo cha vulcanization:
1. Manja a shaft mphero Manja a shaft amaikidwa kumapeto kwa mipukutu iwiri, okwana anayi.Kuthamanga kwa mpukutu ndi 280 kg, ndipo liwiro ndi 700-1000 rpm (P = 10 kg / cm2, V = 2 m / sec).Chitsamba choyambirira cha malata amkuwa chinali chopaka mafuta.Tsopano m'malo ndi porous sintered chitsulo ndi osalimba 5.8 g/cm3 ndi S zili 6.8%.Chipangizo choyambirira chopangira mafuta chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa chipangizo choyambirira chopangira mafuta.Ingoponyani madontho ochepa amafuta musanayendetse ndikugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa maola 40.Kutentha kwa manja ndi pafupifupi 40 ° C.;Kupera 12,000 kg ya ufa, bushing ikugwirabe ntchito bwino.
2. Kubowola kwa cone ndi chida chofunikira pobowola mafuta.Pamwamba pa mafuta obowola pali manja otsetsereka, omwe amapanikizika kwambiri (kukakamiza P=500 kgf/cm2, liwiro V=0.15m/sec.), ndipo pali kugwedezeka kwamphamvu ndi kugwedezeka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-12-2021